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About this Blog and its Author

I'm P.J. Hinton, a Senior Software Engineer (and wannabee wordsmith) at Compendium Blogware. I'm part of a talented and passionate team of software and system engineers who are working to develop a better business blogging platform.photo of P.J. Hinton

I'm an old timer relative to the company's history, having started in early 2008 as Compendium's second full-time developer.  Over that time I've worked primarily server side functionality, stuff you rarely see but surely miss when it isn't working properly.

Past projects have included a distributed system for editing and rendering XML blog page templates, an asynchronous system for notifying blog update services, a content idea recommendation engine that relies on RSS feed aggregation and caching, and countless RESTful web service endpoints that provide a reliable flow of data to our rich web interfaces.


As a startup employee, I get to wear multiple hats.  Although most of my work is in PHP 5 and SQL, every once in a while I get a chance to write JavaScript for the user interface.  Some of the things I have worked on include the keyword strength meter and the autosave manager in the editor.  I was an active participant in the implementation of the new administrative content moderation interface we rolled out this spring.  I've also become (for better or worse), the Engineering team's resident nomenclature guy, responsible for reviewing the names of object classes and web service endpoints.

Jumping into this role was nothing short of a major skill set retuning.  Prior to coming on board with Compendium, I worked largely on cross-platform, native code applications in C and C++, spending two-years working at Rhysome, a northside Indy startup that was trying to break into the nascent Complex Event Processing software market. Before that, I spent a almost a decade at Wolfram Research, working on various parts of the wildly successful technical computing package Mathematica.

Compendium's leadership has succeeded in fostering a creative, energetic, and dynamic working atmosphere, something you'd be more likely to find in the Silicon Valley rather than the Circle City. What's not to love about that? :-)

I'm using this space to blog about subjects like:

  • the useful features of our blog hosting software
  • the value of corporate blogging in general
  • administrative issues in maintaining business blogs
  • the use of software to understand social networks
  • technologies relevant to our software development efforts

The Demise of the URL a Long Time Coming

Wednesday, July 1, 2009 by PJ Hinton
At CNET News' Technically Incorrect site, Chris Matyszczyk is blogging on the question of whether URLs matter anymore.  He uses a recent conversation with someone regarding the choice of domain name to bring up an interesting point:

There was a time when people thought URLs were the key to getting hordes to throng your site. Make it short, have one of the most important keywords--sex, free, go, eat, my, and porn being examples--and your fortune was made.

People still try to trade the most simple URLs for hopeful hundreds of thousands. They will still line up in the hope of getting a vanity URL from Facebook.

But don't most people simply go to the little search box, type in the name of what they're looking for, and search?

If it's something they want to go back to, they'll bookmark it. But they won't remember what the URL is. For the simple reason that they don't need to. The Bingoogle fraternity does it for them.

This is something that has come up in previous posts on our blogs, most notably in one titled "The URL is dead...LONG LIVE SEARCH!" that was written by Chris Baggott over a year ago.

It's interesting to take a look back over the past decade to see how things have evolved.  Back in the days when AOL still was the entry point for net access for a large chunk of people, businesses marketed themselves in commercials with phrases like "AOL keyword blah". 

During the rise of the dot-com bubble, securing coveted domain names became a high priority, with astronomical sums being spent to acquire domain names based on frequently used nouns.

In the late 90s, a company called RealNames arrived on the scene, providing a more human friendly layer on top of the Domain Name System that's used in locating the servers for URLs.  It got support for its technology included with Internet Explorer, and it scored some deals with some big name (at the time) search engines.  Nonetheless, the company never gained mainstream credibility.  In a 2001 critique of the service, Gartner analyst Whit Andrews wrote:

The RealNames problem is simple: DNS, despite its well-known weaknesses, is a technically workable--and reasonably comprehensible--method of naming Internet resources. The DNS method tends to falter when faced with the complexity and variety of consumers' interests--and with the fact that human language allows for terms that aren't specific enough to provide useful returns. Nonetheless, it remains entirely adequate for most Internet users' purposes--especially when combined with the many search engines and indexes that are available.

By 2002, the system had shut down.  A paper written by Ben Edelman in 2002 presented quantitative analysis that argued Google was a much better locator of information than both DNS guesses and RealNames.  The article also presaged the rise of paid search placement ads.

Organic search has become the way people figure out what's out there.  It succeeded where RealNames failed because there is no sole gatekeeper of linkage between keyword and search result.  Granted, Google is the 800 lb gorilla in this space, but there are alternatives. 

But even within Google, the incentive is to return search results that will help its users find what they are looking for.  It relies on its algorithms and tunes them to make sure that the job is being done right.  

That means you don't have to write a check to Google to get the rank you want.  Instead you invest your resources in creating an online presence that is relevant to your potential customers.  A network of Compendium blogs is a good way to get there.

Not the Only One Curious About Yahoo's Advertising Push

Monday, June 8, 2009 by PJ Hinton
Yesterday, CNet's Digital Media had a story about the drop in internet advertising reported for the first quarter of 2009.

The Interactive Adversiting Board, who published the report with PricewaterhouseCoopers late last week, was optimistic that things would return to an upward trend once the economy makes a turnaround. 

The article concludes with author Jonathan Skillings noting Yahoo's bet on a move to online advertising, something I raised in a post last week as well:

Internet companies such as Yahoo are banking on businesses continuing to migrate to online advertising.

"Your brand is not defined by 20 keywords. You have to put a persona out there," Yahoo CEO Carol Bartz said Wednesday at a luncheon with Wall Street analysts, talking about the potential allure of online display or video advertising to businesses used to buying ad time on television. But, she said, Internet ad sales forces need to get rid of some of the friction in their line of work that isn't there on the TV side.

This move might well be what ultimately makes or breaks Yahoo's recovery effort.

Does Google's Shift on rel/nofollow Matter for Blogging SEO?

Friday, June 5, 2009 by PJ Hinton
Keven Newcomb has a detailed writeup at SearchEngineWatch about recent remarks made by Google's Matt Cutts that reveal that Google is treating the rel='nofollow' attribute on hyperlinks a bit differently than it has in the past.

Basically, using nofollow will still prevent PageRank from passing from the linking page through the nofollowed link. But that PageRank is no longer "saved" to be used by other links on the page. It just "evaporates," according to Cutts.

This counteracts a somewhat shady strategy of "Page Rank Sculpting" which had been employed by some sites to pump up the ranking of linked-to sites by selectively applying the rel='nofollow' attribute.  The comments section on the article contained plenty of outrage, with at least one person suggesting that Google may be acting like an abusive monopoly.

To me this is just a tempest in the proverbial teapot.  Google has tuned their algorithm so that the attribute serves its original purpose, to prevent spammers from abusing content submission points as a way of littering the net with links to their sites.  It wasn't intended to be a system for gaming good karma in the search space.

As I mentioned in a prior post, our comment submission system automatically converts bare URLs into hyperlinks with the rel='nofollow' attribute.  Because comments don't appear on a page until they have been approved by the blog's administrator, spammy links never get the chance to see the light of day.

It might be worth taking a look at a Rand Fishkin post referenced in Newcomb's article, too.  He includes diagrams illustrating the change and provides a flowchart for deciding whether Link Sculpting should be considered.

The first question that you will see is "Do I have 1000s of pages not in Google's index?"  If you are a Compendium customer, the answer should be "no" regardless of how long you have been using our software.  Every time a post is approved for publication, our application sends out update notification pings to several services, including Google's blog search.  Each individual post page contains back links to the main blog page as well as other blogs written by members of the organization.  If it gets published, search engines will find it.

That means that you can spend your time bullet point #1 on the "no" branch of the flowchart: content development.

Do You Recall What was Revealed the Year the Media Died?

Thursday, June 4, 2009 by PJ Hinton
Saw a link to a great song/video over at Valleywag that underscores my post about Yahoo from yesterday.  If you've got 10 minutes to spare, spend it laughing at "Mad Ave Blues".

The Certainties of Oracle CEO Larry Ellison

Thursday, June 4, 2009 by PJ Hinton
When I read a CNet story from yesterday about Oracle CEO Larry Ellison touting Java-based netbooks, I recalled trade press stories from the mid 90s when Ellison was promoting the notion of a low priced network computer, which sounded vaguely similar.  It's as if he's never given up on that grand vision of the thin, thin, thin client.

Back then, internet access was largely available only to corporations, the military, academic institutions, and a few plucky dial-up customers.  Java was a new kid on the block, and Netscape was the browser company.

As I searched for instances of articles from that era that still might be floating on the web, I happened upon a more recent story over at The Register, which lambastes the idea much more eloquently than I ever could.  Hop on over and take a read.  You know it's going to be good when there is a reference to "partying like it's 1995" in the headline.

Is Yahoo Hitching its Wagon to a Dying Star?

Wednesday, June 3, 2009 by PJ Hinton
The continued restructuring over at Yahoo makes for interesting reading.  CEO Carol Bartz has generated a lot of buzz by shaking things up at the long adrift internet giant and offering up some blunt, if not salty, language along the way.

Over at CNet, there is a good summary of Bartz's latest remarks, which were made to financial analysts today.  One segment grabbed my attention and made me wonder whether Yahoo may be making a bad strategic move.

 "An extroverted engineer looks at your shoes when they are talking to you." Bartz got her biggest laugh of the day with an old joke about engineers, and how she prefers spending time out making sales calls with Yahoo's sales force. This is a key area of differentiation for Yahoo: it says it wants to focus on "high-touch" sales, rather than the algorithmic model that prints money for Google.

The hope is that Yahoo can translate its strength in display advertising to lure revenue from chief marketing officers at big companies thinking about moving a chunk of their advertising spending from television to the Web. For those folks, "your brand is not defined by 20 keywords. You have to put a persona out there," she said, referring to the need for display and/or video advertising. In order to do win that business, however, Yahoo has to take a lot of "friction" out of the Internet ad sales process that just isn't there in the television business.

From this I read that Yahoo is betting on growth in online advertising, thinking that there is turf to be won from television.  The only way that I could see this making sense is if you buy into the argument that the pie for interruption-based advertising will continue to remain big.  All you need to do is figure out how to convince CMOs that their future customers' eyeballs will be tuned in to Yahoo properties rather than the TV.  The "20 keywords" slam goes on to suggest that getting found in search results is less important than the presence you project with your ads.

Our CEO, Chris Baggott, has blogged about this before and has noted the declining importance of display ads versus search marketing.

We talk a lot about the failure of advertising here in this blog, 2009 is bringing a huge body of evidence that supports what we all knew to be true:  You can't interrupt your way to marketing success...you can only engage your way to success.

Time will tell whether Bartz's vision of increased ad revenue prove true.  I'm not a gambling person by nature, but I don't think I'd put money on it.

Why You Should Welcome Negative Comments

Tuesday, June 2, 2009 by PJ Hinton
A common concern raised by businesses evaluating Compendium Blogware as their blogging platform is what should be done about negative user comments.  Some go so far as to wanting the ability to omit a comment section altogether.

Jeff Atwood, a well known software developer who also publishes a blog titled Coding Horror, has a great post about why bloggers should welcome comments, both good and bad.  Pulling out a key excerpt:

Criticism, painful though it may be, is still a conversation. It means your readers and listeners are engaging with you, and there's something to learn from following that conversation. Those messages you're broadcasting out into the world are being received, in some form, by someone on the planet.

He goes on to note that you should start worrying when people stop caring to comment at all.  When the interest is gone.... when you are no longer relevant to your market... do you think your business will have much of a future?

Read Atwood's post.

Why Brad Brenner is Wrong about Others being Wrong about PR

Monday, June 1, 2009 by PJ Hinton
Brad Brenner has a blog post claiming that public relations professionals are all the more relevant in this day and age.  Quoting from the text of the article:

Doomsayers don’t get it. They think PR is all about writing a press release or getting a story in a magazine. Now that print media is in decline, they say PR is on it’s way out as well. They never understood that press releases and published articles are just means to an end. The core of PR has always been about communication skills and strategies - the ability to evaluate the competitive landscape, identify the right messages and succinctly and effectively communicate those messages to the right audience -wherever they may be.

Brenner's claim is that the scope of PR's function transcends traditional press release pitching and because of this, PR takes on a strategic role:

The fact is, marketing today is more complicated and more multi-faceted than ever before. Creating, managing and maximizing the success of a marketing program in the digital age requires a real pro - and today, more than ever, that pro is a public relations expert.

What Brenner fails to address in his rebuttal is that power of public relations professionals to shape the message is shrinking.  Brenner would like you to think that PR professionals are uniquely qualified to compose and convey that message.  An inconvenient reality that I have  mentioned in a prior post puts that assumption to question:

... your reputation is controlled by a marketplace where your message competes with that of those who don't agree with your message.

There are too many PR professionals who think that some creatively spun copy will tidy up and protect a brand that is self-destructing because of product or service issues.  It doesn't work that way anymore.

Carl Morris has a great post on his blog from this past January that chronicles how badly PR people screwed things up for Chrysler and Target.  And let's not forget the feud between TechCruch and Lois Whitman.

Consumer sentiment toward corporate America ranges from skeptical to cynical.  Quoting an excerpt from an April 28 story from Reuters about a Harris poll:

"What was surprising in this year's study was the very clear total loss of trust in corporate America," said Robert Fronk, senior vice president at Harris. "The focus on individual rewards, the focus on greed all really added up to this incredible drop."

Respondents said the brutal recession has darkened their view of corporate America, with 75 percent reporting their opinion of corporations was lower due to the downturn. They saw little hope for economic improvement, with 43 percent expecting conditions to get worse over the next six to 12 months.

Good PR professionals who understand how the playing field has changed can help a client from making gaffes, but they can no longer repair the damage that bad behavior leaves behind.

The companies that will succeed in the future are those who straighten up and act in a way such that their operations align with the ideals they set forth in their literature.  Letting the employees, rather than paid professionals, write the posts will go a long way towards meeting that goal.

Keeping the Comment Section Clean

Saturday, May 30, 2009 by PJ Hinton
Tonight, New York Times economics editor Catherine Rampell had a great blog post pointing to a comic that depicted what an academic journal might look like if it had a comments section, a la a news site or a blog.  If you have ever had the joy of reading academic research papers and spam laden comment sections on websites, then you'll probably laugh as much as I did.

Granted, our software might not be able to completely stop comment spammers from trying to put off topic or inappropriate comments on your blog, but because our application gives you final say of whether the submitted comment goes live, the inappropriate content never sees the light of day.

Moreover, we automatically attach rel nofollow attributes to hyperlinks so that others sites don't feed off of your page rank.

Not Enjoying the Silence

Friday, May 29, 2009 by PJ Hinton
Words are very unnecessary
They can only do harm

-- Depeche Mode, "Enjoy the Silence", Violator
 
 

My blog has been quiet the past couple of months, and that's not exactly something I'm happy about.  Even here, at the forefront of corporate blogging software development, we sometimes fall into that "too busy to blog" rut. 

Unlike the lyrics quoted above, words are very necessary when you're looking to acquire new customers.  If you're not getting the word out about what your business has to offer, new customers won't be a callin'. 

Fortunately, since everyone in our organization has a blogging account, the effort of keeping the message current and compelling is spread out across all departments.  When they arrive at our website from a search, our prospective customers get to hear from a diverse array of voices... sales, marketing, client success, product support, and even the development team.  That means our blogs continue to feature fresh content.

So what has been keeping me away from the post editor?  Only one of the biggest development projects our department as undertaken since the new template editing and rendering environment we rolled out a little over a year ago.

Back in late March, the engineering team turned its attention to the user interface that administrators have for moderating blog posts and comments.  There were two ways to moderate content.  One interface presented content that was pending approval, while another provided a more comprehensive listing of all content on the network.  We wound up replacing these with a sleek unified interface.

The change was a nontrivial undertaking. Over the past year, we have migrated to a service-oriented approach for our application, meaning that the operations one could perform with our application were accessible from URLs, callable by way of modern JavaScript interfaces or even other web services. 

The moderation of posts and comments was one of the few remaining areas where we didn't have web service coverage.  So we wound up having to write brand new service endpoints to do this, and we upgraded a number of our existing endpoints for listing and retrieving content so that they would be useful for a moderation interface.

On the front end, we took a different approach to designing a user interface.  We created new JavaScript classes dedicated to interacting with web service endpoints, and we developed a set of loosely coupled components that communicated changes in state asynchronously.

How did this benefit the end user?  Moderation moved to one central location instead of two.  The interface took on a much more familiar appearance, bearing resemblance to popular web-based e-mail applications which have listing and preview panes.  The interface was designed using state-of-the-art rich front end technologies. 

Listings of content are now obtained more quickly, and there's no more waiting for the page to refresh itself as more information is retrieved.  The act of previewing got a huge upgrade, with more detailed information about the post and a means of previewing content as it would appear on the live blog.

All in all, it was quite an achievement from a small, talented, and cohesive team.  The  Compendium Engineering team is committed to continuously improving the product in ways that make the experience of corporate blogging easy and enjoyable.  You can be assured that we don't like resting on our laurels. :-)

A Doorway Page by any Other Name?

Sunday, May 3, 2009 by PJ Hinton
I read an article over at Search Engine Land, written by Michael Gray, that makes the case for using contests to boost organic search results.  I found portions of the post to be of dubious merit.

Gray argues that the contest prize should inclue the keywords that you are trying to target..  People get word of the giveaway, they link to your contest landing page, and then you get a result boost for your target keywords.

This isn't a bad idea.  However, I do believe that he goes off the deep end when he offers up advice for handling the page after the contest is over.  Quoting from the text of the article (emphasis mine):

Another mistake a lot of people make is that after the contest ends they leave the page up with a notice the contest is over, or 301 the content to another page. A better solution is to leave the existing URL in place and just improve the page with different content. If you are concerned about usability, you can relocate the contest information to a new URL with a link at the bottom or even display a message based on incoming referral URL’s or referral keywords.

The portions I've italicized just happen to share the characteristics of a "doorway page", which is a big no-no in the world of legitimate SEO.  Such pages are not an integral part of the website and serve as a sort of bait-and-switch to the visitor, forcing them to click on another link to get to the website.

There is no shortage of SEO advice on the web, but the web can be a misleading place.  Any advice should be viewed with a critcal eye and weighed against current best practices.

Browser Entrenchment Redux

Friday, May 1, 2009 by PJ Hinton
The ZDNet blog Between the Lines had a great post yesterday about businesses clinging overwhelmingly to Internet Explorer... and not just IE, but the aged and clunky version 6.  The reason corporate IT departments resist upgrades, according to the post:

Companies are worried about custom apps that may fail on new browsers and security and compliance. In addition, companies limit the ability to upgrade. Seventy percent of companies restrict browser choice and Web content. Forrester notes that “IT control trumps technology populism.”

There were several comments from IT people that echoed this sentiment strongly.

I wrote about my feelings on this five months ago, and I feel just as strongly today.  In my opinion, there is something culturally sclerotic about an organization that is so resistant to change.  Increasingly, the ability to process and understand current information streams is becoming a competitive necessity.

The current crop, and future generations, of web applications enable the effective organization, analysis, and interpretation of information at an accelerated rate.  If your organization uses these apps well, it stands to reason that your company will have a leg up on the competition.

Much of the complaints about browser upgrades and switches come down to the following whines:
  • The employees at my business will encounter too much difficulty in adapting to the interface changes.
  • The vendors who develop the web apps we use haven't updated their product to handle a browser later than IE 6.
At the risk of painting too broad of a brush, I think this is an indication of three potential problems with such companies:
  • Their human resources department has a poor recruiting process that doesn't demand a better grade of potential employee, one that is better suited to adaptation.
  • The IT department is awful about messaging product roll outs.
  • Their information technology selection process is defective, adopting product vendors whose improvement cycle is glacially slow.  Think about it, IE 7 went live in October 2006, which is over two and a half years go.
The post's author, Larry Dignan, puts it rather well.

The problem: Information workers live in browsers all day. And companies are giving them the equivalent of a Yugo.

Being compared  to 1980s state-of-the-art Serbo-Croatian engineering is a wake up call for sluggish business in difficult economic times.

Is this Customer Engagement or Customer Engulfment?

Wednesday, April 8, 2009 by PJ Hinton
Marshall Kirkpatrick at ReadWriteWeb uses the recent experience he had with a Twittering Comcast customer service rep to talk about how some companies are taking a proactive approach to reputation management.

Kirkpatrick cites as an example a partnership between WebTrends and Raidian 6 to provide a monitoring and reporting services that track online conversations about their products and services. 

Moreover, the system gages the influence of those making the comments, ostensibly to give the company some means of deciding how much effort to put into remedying the situation, should it be something negative.

Further on down, Kirkpatrick lays it on the line about why he finds this rising business to be disturbing:

 It looks like it's just you and them, but behind them there's a curtain covering a whole mess of cogs and pulleys, analyzing you in different ways. How many followers do you have? How did you respond the last time a company rep used your name publicly? Who's in charge of discussing your concerns with you on Twitter, on your blog, or elsewhere?

Add the fact that many of these positions are, or will someday be filled with sales people, have them view these conversations through a closed system of predetermined criteria, and set it all inside a big CRM database. What do you get? Is it a story of authentic connection in a democratized public conversation - or is it a charade?

Are Kirkpatrick's concerns well founded?  Perhaps. 

On one hand, engaging dissatisfied customers with a positive tone is way better than sending in the rapid response legal team armed with cease & desist letters and a collective snarl.  I talked about my objections to that approach in a post a few weeks ago. 

I think things start to go south when the metrics software goes so far as to rate the level of influence a customer has.  If I had to guess, this metric was designed by a marketer, and as we discussed in this space about eight months ago, marketers can be pretty lousy estimators of influence.

If you have a large customer base, singling out the "influencers" for the lion's share of attention misses the whole point of being real with your customers.  It shows that you're not committed to producing the best product or service you can.  You're only committed to doing enough to make sure you look like you're doing that.

Take the cable company, for example.  No amount of net celebrity pampering is going to change the perception of the majority of unhappy customers.  Years of spiraling rates, over bloated packages that force customers to subsidize channels they don't want to watch, and lousy customer service have cemented that reputation.

A celebrity gushing over the great service they got from the cable company isn't going to fix things.  For every celebrity blogger there is an army of angry nobodies who relate their experiences in comments online and to their friends in person. 

With a growing number of shows being available online without a subscription the cable companies are fearing now that they may well go the way of the newspapers.  Judging from the comments on that linked to post, I wouldn't be surprised if the demise is met with cheers.

I think at some level, software along the lines of Radian 6 has the potential to be a great tool for larger businesses.  When you have so many customers interacting with so many different points of contact within your organization, objective data can help you see how you're being seen, much as anyone looks in the mirror when getting ready in the morning.

But like any tool, it can be used and misused.  I think a good example of misuse is the idea of mining that data for potential sales leads and then pursuing them overzealously.  Kirkpatrick's closing anecdote is a prime example:

One of my co-workers says that within minutes of his wife Tweeting about her art studio last night, she was friended by scads of art companies and salespeople. Who wants to have a conversation in that context?

To me that's no more of a relationship than a fox has with a hen.  Rather than treating your potential customers as prey, why not treat them with a little respect and try letting them come to you via search.  Blogging on a regular basis can help you achieve that goal.

Think of it as Customer Acquisition 3.0.

Agavi Routes with Flavor

Tuesday, March 31, 2009 by PJ Hinton
Agavi is a powerful PHP framework that implements the Model/View/Controller (MVC) design pattern that we use in our own blogging application.  If you happen to be someone who uses this framework, you might find this tip to be helpful.

Routes and Actions

A key feature of the framework is the ability to map URLs to bodies of executable code on the server.  The mapping is referred to as a route, and the code is implemented through an action class.  Routes are specified through an XML configuration file that usually specifies the following information:
  • a name for the route
  • the URL, perhaps expressed as a regular expression to match
  • the action class to be used for handling the route
  • what portions of the URL contain request parameter information
Related action classes are grouped by way of modules, which simply mapped to subdirectories.  This allows you to have action classes of the same name that serve different purposes.

Concrete Example

Let's add some concreteness to all of these definitions with an example.  Suppose you were developing a web service for an rail line that provided endpoints for the following types of things [1]:
  • train schedules
  • ticket fares
The train schedule endpoint might allow you to:
  • get the the timetable of a specific train
  • make a reservation between two stations for a given day
The ticket fares endpoint might allow you to:
  • get the ticket fare on a train between two stations
  • purchase a ticket for a train between two stations
These two classes of services map nicely to module directories (Trains, Fares).  Each bulleted list would map to an individual route that supported both HTTP GET and POST operations, which are implemented in the action classes via separate methods (executeRead() and executeWrite()).

For lots of uses, this is probably all well and good.  But sometimes you need even more granularity.  Take the Fares module, for example.  Suppose we've implemented an action class named Ticket that handles price queries and purchases. 

Now management has decided that the service should provide more in-depth information to travel agents who have registered with the service.  Perhaps such accounts support a different set of input parameters or perform calculations using a different set of business logic.

Agavi supports the notion of role-based access, and actions can be set up to require different kinds of authentication credentials, but packing two different types of interaction into a common action callback can become a tricky mess of conditionals.  What else can you do?

One More Level of Hierarchy

Agavi provides one additional layer of hierarchy for actions that allows you to define different (for the lack of a better name) flavors of the same action.  From the directory structure standpoint, you go from a path that looks like

SomeModuleName/actions/SomeRouteAction.class.php

to a structure that looks like:

SomeModuleName/actions/SomeRoute/SomeFlavorAction.class.php
 
With our example, could define two flavors: Consumer and TravelAgent:

Fares/actions/Ticket/ConsumerAction.class.php
Fares/actions/Ticket/TravelAgentAction.class.php

Similar subdirectories would exist in the validate and views directories.
 

Fares/validate/Ticket/Consumer.xml
Fares/validate/Ticket/TravelAgent.xml

Fares/views/Ticket/ConsumerSuccessView.class.php
Fares/views/Ticket/ConsumerErrorView.class.php
Fares/views/Ticket/TravelAgentSuccessView.class.php
Fares/views/Ticket/TravelAgentErrorView.class.php

How Do You Create These Things?

Perhaps the simplest way to create a new action with the added hierarchy is to use the "agavi action" command that is usually used to add actions to an existing project.  After specifying the module you're adding to, you'll be prompted for an action name.  Use a period to denote an action flavor:
 
Action Name [Index]? Ticket.TravelAgent
 
This will create the classes with the appropriate naming convention (Module_Action_Flavor). 

All you need to do is add code and add an entry to the routing.xml configuration file.  The dot notation (i.e. Action.Flavor) is used in the action attribute of the route element as well. To ensure that a route is associated with a user having the appropriate credentials add a source attribute to the route element.
 
source="user[credentials][TravelAgent]"

[1] -- It may seem strange to American readers that you could possibly make a reservation without purchasing a ticket, but I seem to recall from my travels in Germany some 19 years ago that you could do such things on the DB.  I'm using this as my model.

Saluting Our Product Support Team on Ada Lovelace Day

Tuesday, March 24, 2009 by PJ Hinton

March 24th is Ada Lovelace Day, which is billed by its creators as "an international day of blogging to draw attention to women excelling in technology".

Why celebrate women in technology?

The motivation for this day is described on the sponsors' website:

Women’s contributions often go unacknowledged, their innovations seldom mentioned, their faces rarely recognised. We want you to tell the world about these unsung heroines. Entrepreneurs, innovators, sysadmins, programmers, designers, games developers, hardware experts, tech journalists, tech consultants. The list of tech-related careers is endless.
Recent research by psychologist Penelope Lockwood discovered that women need to see female role models more than men need to see male ones. That's a relatively simple problem to begin to address. If women need female role models, let's come together to highlight the women in technology that we look up to. Let's create new role models and make sure that whenever the question "Who are the leading women in tech?" is asked, that we all have a list of candidates on the tips of our tongues.

Why is Ada Lovelace Day relevant to me?

As a father to two daughters, ages 5 and 4,

 

I definitely appreciate the need for good role models.

While I would prefer to see my girls find their own passion and calling in life as they move on to adulthood, I want them to be aware of the opportunities that are out there. Better yet, I want them to know about those who have used such opportunities to grow professionally.

My choice for a blog post?

Fortunately, we happen to have two great role models here at Compendium Blogware -- Abby Brosmer-Rivera and Krystal Featherston -- our Product Support team.
 

The team was formed last fall as an offshoot of our Client Success group to provide a more effective way of helping our users get the most out of our corporate blogging service.

Because our team, Engineering, and their team fall under the Product group, we have a lot of interaction with them.

To do my part in celebrating Ada Lovelace day, I decided to write a blog post about Abby and Krystal's transition to a more technical role and what they've gained so far from the experience.

Abby And Krystal's story

The Role

So what does someone in Product Support do on a day-to-day basis? Krystal sums it up with the following points:

  • Set up new clients to get them blogging as quickly as possible
  • Answer questions related to the platform.
  • Make sure that clients are happy and forward appropriate people when they are not.
Abby adds that they also look for platform enhancements that enable clients to create quality content and improve their search engine optimization (SEO).

How They Got Here

What did Abby and Krystal do before joining Compendium?

Abby said that she worked on training implementation in her prior job,  and when she hired on at Compendium, she started as an Implementation manager, which made for a good match. 

She said that she's always had an interest in the web, marketing, and SEO, but the technical side of software development had a strong appeal for her, so hiring on with an up-and-coming technology company was especially exciting.

Krystal said she worked public relations and marketing, which she didn't find to be challenging. Her days were "long and boring" and she wanted something that would be challenging every day.

Prior to joining Compendium, neither Abby nor Krystal imagined taking on a more technical role.  Abby said that at one point, she realized she liked solving problems and digging into technical details, but didn't foresee being a Product Support manager until she was offered the position.  Describing it as a blessing, Abby said that she says she loves what she does on a day-to-day basis.

The Growth Since Then

Krystal said that since moving into Product Support she has picked up some JavaScript programming, which she really enjoys, and is starting to dabble in PHP, a scripting language that is used to power lots of websites, including Compendium's.  Abby said that she knew some rudimentary HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, but since moving into this role, her fluency has improved, surpassing what she expected.

The reward for Krystal is continuously learning new subjects, whether they be major or minor. She adds, "One thing I really enjoy about my job is I work with extremely passionate people who really care about the quality of work they do, and that it is a bit refreshing. I take pride in what I do, and it nice to work with others who do the same. I don’t mind working long and extra hours – when I know there are others who are doing the same because they care about what they are doing."

Abby said there have been lots of things she's found rewarding about her job, but the biggest one of all is learning to help someone else solve a problem.

Krystal finds troubleshooting to be the most challenging skill to learn. Describing herself as a "visual learner", she says, "It’s hard to try to figure something out without actually being there to see it."

Where Do They Want to Go from Here?

For expanding her skills, Krystal relies on books, the web, and the advice of the Engineering team, whom she says are willing to explain things clearly to her.

Abby cited the bi-weekly reading groups that are held by the Engineering team as a skill booster.  She also relies on several online references, including the W3C, the standards body that helps define the foundations of the web.

Both listed JavaScript programming as something they want to improve their knowledge of.

Their Advice to Future Techies

I asked our Support Team to offer up advice to girls and young women who may be pursuing a career in computing technology.

Krystal encourages them to never stop learning and to have the patience to persevere. "It doesn't always work the first time, but if you're patient and keep working at it – you’ll figure it out."

Abby writes, "Follow your  dream!  If you have a passion for logic and problem solving and continuous development and learning, you will do great.  It is so exciting to be a part of an ever growing and developing field."

(IE) 8 Isn't Enough?

Tuesday, March 24, 2009 by PJ Hinton
This morning, Information Week ran a story about a drop in the number of computers using the newest version of Microsoft's web browser, Internet Explorer 8.  Quoting the article (emphasis mine):

As of 8:00 am Monday, IE8 -- released Thursday -- held 1.86% of the browser market, down from a high of 2.59% on Sunday, according to market watcher Net Applications. The most likely reason for the decline is that early adopters of IE8 are switching back to the more familiar, and --at this point -- reliable Explorer 7 browser.

This seemed like an odd conclusion, so I took a look at the Market Share website to see if I could examine the figures myself.  Sure enough, there was a drop, however the dip doesn't tell the whole story.  Let's take a look at a graph of market share since Internet Explorer went live at noon EDT on Thursday:



Note that over the first 10 - 15 hours, there is steady growth from a starting point of 1.30 %, but then it makes a dip, bottoming out at 1.56 % in the morning.  Growth kicks back in during the late afternoon on Friday and then shows a slight growing trend over the course of the weekend.  Then as Sunday comes to an end and the wee hours of the morning sets in, usage tanks.  But then again it kicks in during the late afternoon and early evening on Monday.

So what do I make of this?  I don't agree with the article's speculation that people were dumping IE 8 and downgrading back to version 7.  My guess is that the bulk of the IE 8 upgrades and subsequent usage is taking place at homes within the U.S.   Business computing environments are probably holding off on upgrading. 

In other words, the dips aren't caused by downgrades.  It's simply early adopters going to bed or going to work, where they use a browser other than IE 8.

The Limits of Limiting Blogger Free Speech (or: You're Worrying about the Wrong Thing)

Tuesday, March 17, 2009 by PJ Hinton
Here's a nice way to make use of that "schedule for future release" feature that we added to our blogging application a couple weeks ago... Every once in a while, I'll see an article that I want to blog about.  I'll create a draft and drop in the link so I can work on it later.  Most of the time I wind up finishing the post, but other times I don't get around to it, so the post winds up languishing in drafts, never to be finished. 

Prior to the future release scheduling, I had little incentive to finish the post because once the content was submitted and approved, the post would appear based on the date that the post was first saved as a draft.  The older the post, the less likely the post would be seen at the top of blog listings.  By changing the publish date, I am able to revive old posts that still have relevance and put the finishing touches on them.  The following post is a good example of this technique.

Back in December of last year, the regional business website NJBiz ran an article about corporate conduct policies and blogging.  The article has renewed relevance because it dovetails with the post I published yesterday regarding online reputation monitoring and defense. 

In the prior post we took a look at marketers worrying about how adverse comments by third parties could damage the reputation of a company.  In the NJBiz story, the focus is employment law attorneys who sound the alarm bell about the threat from within -- online indiscretions by employees that could harm the company's reputation.

While I understand the importance of discretion and decorum, the tone of the article rubbed me the wrong way.  Before I lay into the parts the bugged me, I will summarize where I do agree with the article.
  • For any business, there exists a pool of information that provides the company a competitive advantage.  It could be a trade secret, a strategic plan, or a list of customers.  It is in the best interest of that company to ensure that this information remains non-public, and it is reasonable for a company to proactively have their employees sign agreements to protect that secrecy.
  • Employees oftentimes find themselves representing the company to the public in some form or another.  It is in the best interest of the company to communicate to their employees the expectations of conduct that the company believes will help develop and maintain a good reputation.
  • If an employee is participating in a forum as a private individual, there needs to be clear disclosure that he or she is not representing the company.
  • Under no circumstances should an employee write content that would affect the company's interests under a pseudonym, as was the case with Rick Frenkel at Cisco.
Now that we've established the points of agreement, let's talk about why I didn't like this article.  The article stirs up a cloud of mistrust about employees and paints this picture of where the employer's interests reign supreme.  I could imagine a heavy handed manager using this advice to assert the need to invasively police the personal lives of its employees.

It's bad enough when the high school mentality pervades a business' perception of external parties.  When the mentality drives management to treat all employees as potential threats from within, it really poisons the well of the workplace.  Cracking down too hard on employees will worsen morale, stifle authenticity on blogs, and possibly backfire in the public eye.

These are tough economic times.  Your business is probably being challenged on many fronts.  The last thing you need is an adversarial relationship with your employees because their energy and vitality is part of what helps set your organization apart from the competition.  Motivated employees put their heart into their work and have a shared interest in the continued success of the company.  Treating them like they are the enemy is not going to foster the loyalty that attorney Helen Tuttle is quoted as being owed to the employer.

On the blogging front, as has been mentioned so many times before in this space, authenticity is essential.  Press release posts are a recipe for corporate blogging failure.  If you take John Sarno's advice too much to heart:

Companies may create their own blogs for employees to address the public in an official capacity, though Sarno said if an employer encourages blogging for marketing purposes, the content will likely be strictly controlled. Blogging under such terms “is a tool for business. It’s not a tool for free speech,” he said.
 

you will wind up with posts that sound like substance-free marketing messages.  Content control has its place, but it should be wielded with grace, not brute force.

Finally, let's take on the question of business reputation management.  Let's put the disgruntled customers and indiscreet employees aside for a moment and look at the big picture.  You know that economic downturn that started in back in 2007?  Chances are that everything between then and now that has happened in the business world has done more damage to your company's reputation than anything that these perceived threats could have possibly done.

About a month and a half ago, the Marist College Institute for Public Opinion conducted a poll for the Knights of Columbus, seeking to get a snapshot of the public's view of businesses, and the picture was not pretty.  Quoting from the K of C's press release

Among the American public, 76 percent believe that corporate America’s moral compass is pointed in the wrong direction, 58 percent of corporate executives agree; and a majority of Americans, and two-thirds of executives, gave a grade of D or F in ethical matters to the financial and investment industry.

The poll of 2071 adults and 110 high-level business leaders also showed that Americans believe personal financial gain and career advancement drive the business decisions of executives while concern for employees and public good seldom factors into corporate decisions.

Yep, all of those meltdowns, bankruptcies, compensation scandals, and bailouts have skewed public opinion against you, even if you didn't blow a cool million to redecorate your office or get a bailout check from the treasury.  With 5.1 million people collecting unemployment checks do you think your business stands to gain any goodwill by canning an employee because you didn't give your 100 % approval to everything they might have written?

This is one of those times where a company has to look beyond its legal rights and think about whether its actions fit within a larger goal of survival.  Be clear with your employees about expectations of conduct.  Be fair and consistent with holding them accountable, but don't use that concern as license to rule with an iron fist.  You can't afford it.

Marketing Ain't High School

Monday, March 16, 2009 by PJ Hinton
The teacher don't know about how to deal with the student body.
And the underclassmen are flashing hot and cool.
All your girlfriends care about the watch you wear and they're talkin' about it.
Believe it or not there's life after high school.

-- Hall & Oats, "Adult Education", Rock & Soul Part 1

WebProNews has an article about managing corporate reputation through social media and real-time search.  The crux of the article is this very true statement:

It's not just about listening for what others are saying though. If your business doesn't have some kind of presence of its own, it's going to be hard to counter any negative attention it may be receiving. If your business is not actively involved in the conversation, your reputation will be left up to what others say about it.
 

I made this point in a prior post in this space a couple months ago, but I think the article veers off course in its recommendations for how to approach the issue.

Reputation can be though of as a hazy metric which is the average value of what every one else thinks of you.  Direct interaction is arguably the strongest shaper of reputation.  If someone doesn't know you directly, they might rely on the opinions of those they know who have interacted with you. 

In the absence of that, there is the tug-of-war between what you say about yourself and what others have said.  The net has amplified this last front because it provides a cheap, persistent, and accessible repository of collective information.  Search becomes the arbiter of visibility for this information.

From my highly marketing unsavvy, yet over-analytical viewpoint, there are two ways you can deal with this last category...

The techniques described in the WebProNews article fall under the rubric of what I call the High School Socialite approach.  You work from the assumption that the pool of "others" is untrustworthy at best and hostile at worst.  If you don't continuously watch your back, someone else will be all to happy to sneak up on your and provide you with a swift and merciless stabbing. 

With the High School Socialite approach, you better be vigilant and be ready to play aggressive defense at a moment's notice, whether that be through direct rebuttal, drowning out the message, or using your weight to silence the critic.

At good example of this approach at its ugliest was described in the Indianapolis Star a week or so ago, where there was an article detailing how some physicians, so worried about having their reputations being besmirched online, had started to require that patients sign agreements not to criticize them online.

My beef with this approach is that it is reactionary, misses the point, and runs the risk of backfiring.

So what's the alternative?  I like to think of it as the Karma approach.  Rather than constantly obsessing about the threats to your reputation, you channel your energy into building and nurturing that reputation.  It's a process that starts at the beginning rather than storming in at the end.

You start by taking a good hard look at what your business does... not what it says it does, but what it really does.  "Making money" isn't a valid answer here because that is the result of what the business does.  I'm talking about how you address the needs of customers.  Are you helping them truly meet their goals?  Chances are if you aren't, that's the first step toward an a disgruntled post or tweet.  What are you doing or neglecting that undermines meeting needs?

What does meeting needs buy you aside from repeat customers?  Think back to the strongest shaper of reputation: direct experience.  These experiences usually wind up populating the pool of information that people turn to when they have nothing else to go by.  When you neglect this, you might as well be placing a bulk order of bad marketing karma.

Now let's talk about what you can do to reinforce a good reputation.  Doing things that increase the likelihood of others saying you're great is one thing, but what can you do on your own behalf?

Back in the old days, when it was easier to promote an image through a large scale advertising campaign, all you needed was slick PR.  In a world where attention is fragmented and fleeting, that doesn't work too well anymore.  In the reputation marketplace, a brand is nothing more than a shorthand for reputation.  It is not a substitute for a good reputation.

A corporate blog can be an effective tool for reputation building, but your efforts can fall flat if you don't execute wisely. 

Blog posts that read like press releases will not be viewed as credible, let alone useful.  Continuously boasting about how great your company is won't do you much good, either.  Think about your personal relationships... what do you make of people who constantly talk about themselves and their accomplishments.  They don't make for good company, do they?

Focus instead on what you're doing to meet customer needs.  Give them sound advice about making good decisions about products or services you provide.  How can they get the most from a what you do.  Do this proactively, posting frequently.  By doing this, you're building up good karma with the search engines both in terms of relevance and age.

So, is your marketing approach ready to graduate from high school?

Are the Advertising Dinosaurs Adapting?

Tuesday, March 10, 2009 by PJ Hinton
At the beginning of the month, Compendium CEO Chris Baggott wrote the following in a post on his blog:

Like so much of the web, it's broken by people and organizations that have tried to take a business model from the terrestrial world (wrap content in interruption advertising) and apply it in the online world.  Granted, 100 years of experience in the Publishing/Advertising complex create very hard habits to break, but as the Demise of the Rocky Mountain News this past week shows us, the world is changing and changing quickly.

I thought about those words as I read a post published this afternoon by Dawn Kawamoto at the CNet Digital Media blog.  The story detailed how several online publishers are planning to roll out new online ads this summer, and the size of these ads will occupy more space than existing ads.  Quoting directly from Kawamoto's post:

The move by online publishers comes at a time when the economy is in a recession and advertisers are pulling back on their spending.

"Agencies are looking for new ways to integrate their clients' brand experiences with more interactivity on the page, and these new units provide a way for them to accomplish this," said Pam Horan, (Online Publishers Association) president, said in a statement.

I saw a screen shot of one of the ads, and I can't imagine these things being well received by site visitors.  The advertising dinosaurs are trying to adapt by doing more of the same -- interruption based messages -- only on a bigger scale.

Why am I so skeptical?  It comes down to the reason the visitor came to the site in the first place.  They are there to read some content.  "Experiencing a brand with more interactivity" sounds like a big dose of interruption to me.  People are voting with their eyeballs and mouses, and yelling louder isn't going to stem that tide.

Rather than placing your bets on annoying your customer, why not consider humanizing your marketing message?  Blog

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Doug Karr Abby Brosmer-Rivera Ali Sales Brian McKay Blake Matheny Brian Millis Chris Baggott Chantelle Flannery The Client Corner Dereck Martin James Litton Jennifer Buscher Jenni Edwards Jim Hyslop Jess Wehner Krystal Featherston Kaila Woodside Lindsey Young Mitch Burk Megan Glover Meghan Peters mikey mioduski P.J. Hinton Randy Cox Sarah Sedberry Tracy Donaldson Brett Fritz Chandra Chavez Julie Murphy